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Bogdan Timofte
authored
3 months ago
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package PredictionEngine;
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use strict;
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use warnings;
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use DBI;
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use HTTP::Tiny;
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use JSON::XS;
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use Math::Round;
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use Config::Simple;
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use Time::Piece;
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=head1 NAME
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PredictionEngine - AI-powered HDD failure prediction for autoSMART
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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This module integrates with OpenAI's API to analyze SMART data trends and predict
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HDD failures. It processes historical SMART data, generates feature vectors,
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and uses GPT models for intelligent failure prediction.
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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use PredictionEngine;
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my $predictor = PredictionEngine->new(
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db_config => '/path/to/database.conf',
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openai_config => '/path/to/openai.conf'
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);
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# Predict failure for specific drive
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my $prediction = $predictor->predict_failure('/dev/sda');
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# Analyze all drives
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my $results = $predictor->analyze_all_drives();
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=cut
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sub new {
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my ($class, %args) = @_;
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my $self = {
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db_config => $args{db_config} || '/etc/autosmart/database.conf',
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openai_config => $args{openai_config} || '/etc/autosmart/openai.conf',
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debug => $args{debug} || 0,
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db_handle => undef,
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openai_key => '',
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model => 'gpt-4',
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http_client => HTTP::Tiny->new(timeout => 30),
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};
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bless $self, $class;
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$self->_load_config();
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$self->_connect_database();
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return $self;
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}
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=head2 _load_config
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Load OpenAI configuration
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=cut
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sub _load_config {
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my $self = shift;
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my $cfg = Config::Simple->new($self->{openai_config})
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or die "Cannot load OpenAI config: $self->{openai_config}";
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$self->{openai_key} = $cfg->param('openai.api_key')
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or die "OpenAI API key not configured";
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$self->{model} = $cfg->param('openai.model') || 'gpt-4';
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$self->{max_tokens} = $cfg->param('openai.max_tokens') || 1000;
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$self->{temperature} = $cfg->param('openai.temperature') || 0.3;
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$self->_log("OpenAI configuration loaded (model: $self->{model})");
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}
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=head2 _connect_database
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Establish PostgreSQL database connection
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=cut
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sub _connect_database {
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my $self = shift;
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my $cfg = Config::Simple->new($self->{db_config})
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or die "Cannot load database config: $self->{db_config}";
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my $dsn = sprintf("DBI:Pg:database=%s;host=%s;port=%s",
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$cfg->param('database.database'),
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$cfg->param('database.host'),
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$cfg->param('database.port')
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);
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$self->{db_handle} = DBI->connect(
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$dsn,
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$cfg->param('database.username'),
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$cfg->param('database.password'),
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{
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RaiseError => 1,
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AutoCommit => 1,
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pg_enable_utf8 => 1
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}
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) or die "Database connection failed: $DBI::errstr";
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$self->_log("Database connection established");
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}
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=head2 get_drive_smart_history
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Retrieve SMART data history for a drive
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=cut
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sub get_drive_smart_history {
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my ($self, $device_path, $days_back) = @_;
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$days_back ||= 90; # Default 3 months
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my $sql = q{
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SELECT
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sr.timestamp,
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sr.temperature,
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sr.parameters_json,
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hi.model_name,
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hi.serial_number,
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hi.size_gb
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FROM smart_readings sr
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JOIN hdd_inventory hi ON sr.device_path = hi.device_path
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WHERE sr.device_path = ?
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AND sr.timestamp >= NOW() - INTERVAL ? DAY
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ORDER BY sr.timestamp ASC
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};
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my $sth = $self->{db_handle}->prepare($sql);
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$sth->execute($device_path, $days_back);
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my @history = ();
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while (my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref()) {
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$row->{parameters} = decode_json($row->{parameters_json});
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delete $row->{parameters_json};
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push @history, $row;
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}
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return \@history;
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}
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=head2 analyze_smart_trends
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Analyze SMART parameter trends for patterns
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=cut
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sub analyze_smart_trends {
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my ($self, $history) = @_;
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return {} unless @$history >= 5; # Need minimum data points
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my $trends = {};
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my $critical_params = [
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'Reallocated_Sector_Ct',
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'Spin_Retry_Count',
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'Reallocated_Event_Count',
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'Current_Pending_Sector',
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'Offline_Uncorrectable',
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'UDMA_CRC_Error_Count',
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'Raw_Read_Error_Rate'
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];
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# Analyze each critical parameter
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foreach my $param_name (@$critical_params) {
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my @values = ();
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my @timestamps = ();
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# Extract values for this parameter
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foreach my $reading (@$history) {
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next unless exists $reading->{parameters}->{$param_name};
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push @values, $reading->{parameters}->{$param_name}->{raw_value};
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push @timestamps, $reading->{timestamp};
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}
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next unless @values >= 3;
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# Calculate trend statistics
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my $trend_analysis = $self->_calculate_trend_stats(\@values, \@timestamps);
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$trends->{$param_name} = {
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current_value => $values[-1],
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min_value => $trend_analysis->{min},
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max_value => $trend_analysis->{max},
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slope => $trend_analysis->{slope},
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volatility => $trend_analysis->{volatility},
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data_points => scalar(@values),
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concerning => $self->_is_trend_concerning($param_name, $trend_analysis),
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};
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}
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# Analyze temperature trends
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my @temperatures = map { $_->{temperature} } @$history;
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if (@temperatures >= 3) {
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my @temp_timestamps = map { $_->{timestamp} } @$history;
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my $temp_stats = $self->_calculate_trend_stats(\@temperatures, \@temp_timestamps);
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$trends->{temperature} = {
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current_temp => $temperatures[-1],
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avg_temp => $temp_stats->{mean},
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max_temp => $temp_stats->{max},
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slope => $temp_stats->{slope},
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concerning => ($temp_stats->{max} > 60 || $temp_stats->{slope} > 0.1),
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};
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}
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return $trends;
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}
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=head2 _calculate_trend_stats
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Calculate statistical metrics for trend analysis
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=cut
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sub _calculate_trend_stats {
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my ($self, $values, $timestamps) = @_;
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return {} unless @$values >= 2;
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# Basic statistics
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my $sum = 0;
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my $min = $values->[0];
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my $max = $values->[0];
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foreach my $val (@$values) {
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$sum += $val;
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$min = $val if $val < $min;
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$max = $val if $val > $max;
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}
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my $mean = $sum / @$values;
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# Calculate variance
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my $variance = 0;
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foreach my $val (@$values) {
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$variance += ($val - $mean) ** 2;
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}
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$variance /= (@$values - 1) if @$values > 1;
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# Simple linear regression for slope
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my $slope = 0;
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if (@$values >= 2) {
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my $n = @$values;
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my $sum_x = 0;
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my $sum_y = 0;
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my $sum_xy = 0;
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my $sum_x2 = 0;
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for my $i (0..$#$values) {
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my $x = $i; # Use index as x (time progression)
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my $y = $values->[$i];
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$sum_x += $x;
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$sum_y += $y;
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$sum_xy += $x * $y;
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$sum_x2 += $x * $x;
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}
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my $denominator = $n * $sum_x2 - $sum_x * $sum_x;
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if ($denominator != 0) {
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$slope = ($n * $sum_xy - $sum_x * $sum_y) / $denominator;
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}
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}
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return {
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min => $min,
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max => $max,
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mean => $mean,
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variance => $variance,
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volatility => sqrt($variance),
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slope => $slope,
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};
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}
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=head2 _is_trend_concerning
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Determine if a SMART parameter trend is concerning
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=cut
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sub _is_trend_concerning {
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my ($self, $param_name, $stats) = @_;
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# Critical parameters that should never increase
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my $critical_increasing = {
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'Reallocated_Sector_Ct' => 0,
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'Reallocated_Event_Count' => 0,
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'Current_Pending_Sector' => 0,
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'Offline_Uncorrectable' => 0,
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'Spin_Retry_Count' => 10,
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};
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if (exists $critical_increasing->{$param_name}) {
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my $threshold = $critical_increasing->{$param_name};
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return 1 if $stats->{max} > $threshold;
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return 1 if $stats->{slope} > 0.1 && $stats->{max} > 0;
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}
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# High volatility is concerning
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return 1 if $stats->{volatility} > ($stats->{mean} * 0.5) && $stats->{mean} > 0;
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return 0;
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}
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=head2 predict_failure
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Generate AI-powered failure prediction for a drive
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=cut
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sub predict_failure {
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my ($self, $device_path, $days_back) = @_;
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$days_back ||= 90;
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# Get SMART history
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my $history = $self->get_drive_smart_history($device_path, $days_back);
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unless (@$history >= 5) {
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return {
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device_path => $device_path,
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prediction => 'insufficient_data',
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confidence => 0,
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risk_level => 'unknown',
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message => 'Insufficient historical data for prediction'
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};
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}
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# Analyze trends
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343
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my $trends = $self->analyze_smart_trends($history);
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344
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# Generate AI prompt
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346
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my $prompt = $self->_generate_prediction_prompt($device_path, $history, $trends);
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347
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348
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# Call OpenAI API
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349
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my $ai_response = $self->_call_openai_api($prompt);
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351
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# Parse and store prediction
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|
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352
|
my $prediction = $self->_parse_prediction_response($ai_response, $device_path);
|
|
|
353
|
|
|
|
354
|
# Store prediction in database
|
|
|
355
|
$self->_store_prediction($prediction);
|
|
|
356
|
|
|
|
357
|
return $prediction;
|
|
|
358
|
}
|
|
|
359
|
|
|
|
360
|
=head2 _generate_prediction_prompt
|
|
|
361
|
|
|
|
362
|
Generate detailed prompt for OpenAI API
|
|
|
363
|
|
|
|
364
|
=cut
|
|
|
365
|
|
|
|
366
|
sub _generate_prediction_prompt {
|
|
|
367
|
my ($self, $device_path, $history, $trends) = @_;
|
|
|
368
|
|
|
|
369
|
my $drive_info = $history->[0]; # Basic drive info from first record
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
|
371
|
my $prompt = "You are an expert HDD failure prediction system analyzing SMART data.\n\n";
|
|
|
372
|
|
|
|
373
|
$prompt .= "DRIVE INFORMATION:\n";
|
|
|
374
|
$prompt .= "- Device: $device_path\n";
|
|
|
375
|
$prompt .= "- Model: " . ($drive_info->{model_name} || 'Unknown') . "\n";
|
|
|
376
|
$prompt .= "- Serial: " . ($drive_info->{serial_number} || 'Unknown') . "\n";
|
|
|
377
|
$prompt .= "- Size: " . ($drive_info->{size_gb} || 'Unknown') . " GB\n";
|
|
|
378
|
$prompt .= "- Data Points: " . scalar(@$history) . " readings\n\n";
|
|
|
379
|
|
|
|
380
|
$prompt .= "CRITICAL SMART PARAMETER ANALYSIS:\n";
|
|
|
381
|
|
|
|
382
|
foreach my $param_name (sort keys %$trends) {
|
|
|
383
|
next if $param_name eq 'temperature';
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
|
385
|
my $trend = $trends->{$param_name};
|
|
|
386
|
$prompt .= "- $param_name:\n";
|
|
|
387
|
$prompt .= " * Current: $trend->{current_value}\n";
|
|
|
388
|
$prompt .= " * Range: $trend->{min_value} - $trend->{max_value}\n";
|
|
|
389
|
$prompt .= " * Slope: " . sprintf("%.4f", $trend->{slope}) . "\n";
|
|
|
390
|
$prompt .= " * Volatility: " . sprintf("%.2f", $trend->{volatility}) . "\n";
|
|
|
391
|
$prompt .= " * Concerning: " . ($trend->{concerning} ? 'YES' : 'No') . "\n";
|
|
|
392
|
}
|
|
|
393
|
|
|
|
394
|
if (exists $trends->{temperature}) {
|
|
|
395
|
my $temp = $trends->{temperature};
|
|
|
396
|
$prompt .= "\nTEMPERATURE ANALYSIS:\n";
|
|
|
397
|
$prompt .= "- Current: $temp->{current_temp}°C\n";
|
|
|
398
|
$prompt .= "- Average: " . sprintf("%.1f", $temp->{avg_temp}) . "°C\n";
|
|
|
399
|
$prompt .= "- Maximum: $temp->{max_temp}°C\n";
|
|
|
400
|
$prompt .= "- Trend: " . sprintf("%.3f", $temp->{slope}) . "°C per reading\n";
|
|
|
401
|
}
|
|
|
402
|
|
|
|
403
|
$prompt .= "\nPLEASE ANALYZE THIS DATA AND PROVIDE:\n";
|
|
|
404
|
$prompt .= "1. Overall failure risk assessment (LOW/MODERATE/HIGH/CRITICAL)\n";
|
|
|
405
|
$prompt .= "2. Confidence level (0-100%)\n";
|
|
|
406
|
$prompt .= "3. Estimated time to failure (if applicable)\n";
|
|
|
407
|
$prompt .= "4. Key concerning indicators\n";
|
|
|
408
|
$prompt .= "5. Recommended actions\n\n";
|
|
|
409
|
|
|
|
410
|
$prompt .= "Format your response as JSON with fields: risk_level, confidence, time_to_failure_days, concerns, recommendations, reasoning\n";
|
|
|
411
|
|
|
|
412
|
return $prompt;
|
|
|
413
|
}
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
|
415
|
=head2 _call_openai_api
|
|
|
416
|
|
|
|
417
|
Make API call to OpenAI
|
|
|
418
|
|
|
|
419
|
=cut
|
|
|
420
|
|
|
|
421
|
sub _call_openai_api {
|
|
|
422
|
my ($self, $prompt) = @_;
|
|
|
423
|
|
|
|
424
|
my $payload = {
|
|
|
425
|
model => $self->{model},
|
|
|
426
|
messages => [
|
|
|
427
|
{
|
|
|
428
|
role => 'system',
|
|
|
429
|
content => 'You are an expert HDD failure prediction system with deep knowledge of SMART parameters and drive reliability patterns.'
|
|
|
430
|
},
|
|
|
431
|
{
|
|
|
432
|
role => 'user',
|
|
|
433
|
content => $prompt
|
|
|
434
|
}
|
|
|
435
|
],
|
|
|
436
|
max_tokens => $self->{max_tokens},
|
|
|
437
|
temperature => $self->{temperature},
|
|
|
438
|
};
|
|
|
439
|
|
|
|
440
|
my $response = $self->{http_client}->post(
|
|
|
441
|
'https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions',
|
|
|
442
|
{
|
|
|
443
|
headers => {
|
|
|
444
|
'Authorization' => "Bearer $self->{openai_key}",
|
|
|
445
|
'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
|
|
|
446
|
},
|
|
|
447
|
content => encode_json($payload)
|
|
|
448
|
}
|
|
|
449
|
);
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
|
451
|
unless ($response->{success}) {
|
|
|
452
|
die "OpenAI API call failed: $response->{status} $response->{reason}";
|
|
|
453
|
}
|
|
|
454
|
|
|
|
455
|
my $result = decode_json($response->{content});
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
|
457
|
return $result->{choices}->[0]->{message}->{content};
|
|
|
458
|
}
|
|
|
459
|
|
|
|
460
|
=head2 _parse_prediction_response
|
|
|
461
|
|
|
|
462
|
Parse OpenAI response into structured prediction
|
|
|
463
|
|
|
|
464
|
=cut
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
|
466
|
sub _parse_prediction_response {
|
|
|
467
|
my ($self, $ai_response, $device_path) = @_;
|
|
|
468
|
|
|
|
469
|
my $prediction = {
|
|
|
470
|
device_path => $device_path,
|
|
|
471
|
timestamp => time(),
|
|
|
472
|
prediction => 'unknown',
|
|
|
473
|
confidence => 0,
|
|
|
474
|
risk_level => 'unknown',
|
|
|
475
|
message => $ai_response,
|
|
|
476
|
};
|
|
|
477
|
|
|
|
478
|
# Try to parse JSON response
|
|
|
479
|
eval {
|
|
|
480
|
my $parsed = decode_json($ai_response);
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
|
482
|
$prediction->{risk_level} = lc($parsed->{risk_level}) if $parsed->{risk_level};
|
|
|
483
|
$prediction->{confidence} = $parsed->{confidence} if defined $parsed->{confidence};
|
|
|
484
|
$prediction->{time_to_failure_days} = $parsed->{time_to_failure_days} if $parsed->{time_to_failure_days};
|
|
|
485
|
$prediction->{concerns} = $parsed->{concerns} if $parsed->{concerns};
|
|
|
486
|
$prediction->{recommendations} = $parsed->{recommendations} if $parsed->{recommendations};
|
|
|
487
|
$prediction->{reasoning} = $parsed->{reasoning} if $parsed->{reasoning};
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
|
489
|
$prediction->{prediction} = 'success';
|
|
|
490
|
};
|
|
|
491
|
|
|
|
492
|
if ($@) {
|
|
|
493
|
$self->_log("Failed to parse AI response as JSON, using raw text");
|
|
|
494
|
$prediction->{prediction} = 'text_response';
|
|
|
495
|
|
|
|
496
|
# Try to extract basic info from text
|
|
|
497
|
if ($ai_response =~ /risk.*?:.*?(low|moderate|high|critical)/i) {
|
|
|
498
|
$prediction->{risk_level} = lc($1);
|
|
|
499
|
}
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
|
501
|
if ($ai_response =~ /confidence.*?:.*?(\d+)/i) {
|
|
|
502
|
$prediction->{confidence} = $1;
|
|
|
503
|
}
|
|
|
504
|
}
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
|
506
|
return $prediction;
|
|
|
507
|
}
|
|
|
508
|
|
|
|
509
|
=head2 _store_prediction
|
|
|
510
|
|
|
|
511
|
Store prediction results in database
|
|
|
512
|
|
|
|
513
|
=cut
|
|
|
514
|
|
|
|
515
|
sub _store_prediction {
|
|
|
516
|
my ($self, $prediction) = @_;
|
|
|
517
|
|
|
|
518
|
my $sql = q{
|
|
|
519
|
INSERT INTO predictions
|
|
|
520
|
(device_path, timestamp, risk_level, confidence, time_to_failure_days,
|
|
|
521
|
concerns, recommendations, reasoning, raw_response)
|
|
|
522
|
VALUES (?, to_timestamp(?), ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
|
|
|
523
|
};
|
|
|
524
|
|
|
|
525
|
$self->{db_handle}->do($sql,
|
|
|
526
|
undef,
|
|
|
527
|
$prediction->{device_path},
|
|
|
528
|
$prediction->{timestamp},
|
|
|
529
|
$prediction->{risk_level},
|
|
|
530
|
$prediction->{confidence},
|
|
|
531
|
$prediction->{time_to_failure_days},
|
|
|
532
|
$prediction->{concerns},
|
|
|
533
|
$prediction->{recommendations},
|
|
|
534
|
$prediction->{reasoning},
|
|
|
535
|
$prediction->{message}
|
|
|
536
|
);
|
|
|
537
|
}
|
|
|
538
|
|
|
|
539
|
=head2 analyze_all_drives
|
|
|
540
|
|
|
|
541
|
Run predictions for all active drives
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
|
543
|
=cut
|
|
|
544
|
|
|
|
545
|
sub analyze_all_drives {
|
|
|
546
|
my $self = shift;
|
|
|
547
|
|
|
|
548
|
my $sql = q{
|
|
|
549
|
SELECT device_path, model_name, serial_number
|
|
|
550
|
FROM hdd_inventory
|
|
|
551
|
WHERE status = 'active'
|
|
|
552
|
ORDER BY device_path
|
|
|
553
|
};
|
|
|
554
|
|
|
|
555
|
my $sth = $self->{db_handle}->prepare($sql);
|
|
|
556
|
$sth->execute();
|
|
|
557
|
|
|
|
558
|
my @results = ();
|
|
|
559
|
|
|
|
560
|
while (my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref()) {
|
|
|
561
|
my $prediction = $self->predict_failure($row->{device_path});
|
|
|
562
|
push @results, $prediction;
|
|
|
563
|
|
|
|
564
|
# Rate limiting - small delay between API calls
|
|
|
565
|
sleep(1);
|
|
|
566
|
}
|
|
|
567
|
|
|
|
568
|
return \@results;
|
|
|
569
|
}
|
|
|
570
|
|
|
|
571
|
=head2 _log
|
|
|
572
|
|
|
|
573
|
Internal logging method
|
|
|
574
|
|
|
|
575
|
=cut
|
|
|
576
|
|
|
|
577
|
sub _log {
|
|
|
578
|
my ($self, $message) = @_;
|
|
|
579
|
|
|
|
580
|
my $timestamp = scalar(localtime());
|
|
|
581
|
print "[$timestamp] PredictionEngine: $message\n" if $self->{debug};
|
|
|
582
|
}
|
|
|
583
|
|
|
|
584
|
=head2 DESTROY
|
|
|
585
|
|
|
|
586
|
Cleanup database connection
|
|
|
587
|
|
|
|
588
|
=cut
|
|
|
589
|
|
|
|
590
|
sub DESTROY {
|
|
|
591
|
my $self = shift;
|
|
|
592
|
$self->{db_handle}->disconnect() if $self->{db_handle};
|
|
|
593
|
}
|
|
|
594
|
|
|
|
595
|
1;
|
|
|
596
|
|
|
|
597
|
__END__
|
|
|
598
|
|
|
|
599
|
=head1 AUTHOR
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
|
601
|
AutoSMART Development Team
|
|
|
602
|
|
|
|
603
|
=head1 LICENSE
|
|
|
604
|
|
|
|
605
|
This software is part of the autoSMART project.
|
|
|
606
|
|
|
|
607
|
=cut
|