//

//  Measurements.swift

//  USB Meter

//

//  Created by Bogdan Timofte on 07/05/2020.

//  Copyright © 2020 Bogdan Timofte. All rights reserved.

//

import Foundation

import CoreGraphics

class Measurements : ObservableObject {

        let accumulatedEnergy: Double

        let observedDuration: TimeInterval

        let sampleCount: Int

        let averagePower: Double?

        var projectedDailyEnergy: Double? {

            projectedEnergy(forHours: 24)

        }

        var projectedMonthlyEnergy: Double? {

            projectedEnergy(forHours: 24 * 30)

        }

        var projectedYearlyEnergy: Double? {

            projectedEnergy(forHours: 24 * 365)

        }

        private func projectedEnergy(forHours hours: Double) -> Double? {

            guard let averagePower, averagePower.isFinite else { return nil }

            return averagePower * hours

        }

    }

    struct EnergyProjectionVariant: Identifiable {

        let id: String

        let title: String

        let observedDuration: TimeInterval

        let accumulatedEnergy: Double

        let sampleCount: Int

        let averagePower: Double

        var projectedMonthlyEnergy: Double {

            averagePower * 24 * 30

        }

        var projectedYearlyEnergy: Double {

            averagePower * 24 * 365

        }

    }

    class Measurement : ObservableObject {

        struct Point : Identifiable , Hashable {

                case sample

                case discontinuity

            }

            var timestamp: Date

            var value: Double

            var isSample: Bool {

                kind == .sample

            }

            var isDiscontinuity: Bool {

                kind == .discontinuity

            }

                return CGPoint(x: timestamp.timeIntervalSince1970, y: value)

            }

        }

        var points: [Point] = []

        var context = ChartContext()

            points.filter { $0.isSample }

        }

            guard !points.isEmpty else { return [] }

            let startIndex = indexOfFirstPoint(onOrAfter: range.lowerBound)

            let endIndex = indexOfFirstPoint(after: range.upperBound)

            guard startIndex < endIndex else { return [] }

            return Array(points[startIndex..<endIndex])

        }

            context.reset()

            for point in points where point.isSample {

                context.include(point: point.point())

            }

        }

        private func appendPoint(timestamp: Date, value: Double, kind: Point.Kind) {

            let newPoint = Measurement.Point(id: points.count, timestamp: timestamp, value: value, kind: kind)

            points.append(newPoint)

            if newPoint.isSample {

                context.include(point: newPoint.point())

            }

            self.objectWillChange.send()

        }

                points[index].id = index

        }

        func addPoint(timestamp: Date, value: Double) {

        }

        func addDiscontinuity(timestamp: Date) {

            guard !points.isEmpty else { return }

            guard points.last?.isDiscontinuity == false else { return }

            appendPoint(timestamp: timestamp, value: points.last?.value ?? 0, kind: .discontinuity)

            context.reset()

            self.objectWillChange.send()

        }

            self.points = points.enumerated().map { index, point in

                Point(

                    id: index,

                    timestamp: point.timestamp,

                    value: point.value,

                    kind: point.kind

                )

            }

            rebuildContext()

            self.objectWillChange.send()

        }

            points = points

                .filter { $0.timestamp >= cutoff }

                .enumerated()

                .map { index, point in

        }

        func filterSamples(keeping shouldKeepSampleAt: (Date) -> Bool) {

            let originalSamples = samplePoints

            guard !originalSamples.isEmpty else { return }

            var rebuiltPoints: [Point] = []

            var lastKeptSampleIndex: Int?

            for (sampleIndex, sample) in originalSamples.enumerated() where shouldKeepSampleAt(sample.timestamp) {

                if let lastKeptSampleIndex {

                    let hasRemovedSamplesBetween = sampleIndex - lastKeptSampleIndex > 1

                    let previousSample = originalSamples[lastKeptSampleIndex]

                    let originalHadDiscontinuityBetween = points.contains { point in

                        point.isDiscontinuity &&

                        point.timestamp > previousSample.timestamp &&

                        point.timestamp <= sample.timestamp

                    }

                    if hasRemovedSamplesBetween || originalHadDiscontinuityBetween {

                        rebuiltPoints.append(

                            Point(

                                id: rebuiltPoints.count,

                                timestamp: sample.timestamp,

                                value: rebuiltPoints.last?.value ?? sample.value,

                                kind: .discontinuity

                            )

                        )

                    }

                }

                rebuiltPoints.append(

                    Point(

                        id: rebuiltPoints.count,

                        timestamp: sample.timestamp,

                        value: sample.value,

                        kind: .sample

                    )

                )

                lastKeptSampleIndex = sampleIndex

            }

            points = rebuiltPoints

            rebuildContext()

            self.objectWillChange.send()

        }

            guard let firstSampleIndex = points.firstIndex(where: \.isSample) else {

                if !points.isEmpty {

                    resetSeries()

                }

                return

            }

            let baselineValue = points[firstSampleIndex].value

            points = points[firstSampleIndex...]

                .enumerated()

                .map { index, point in

                    Point(

                        id: index,

                        timestamp: point.timestamp,

                        value: point.value - baselineValue,

                        kind: point.kind

                    )

                }

            rebuildContext()

            self.objectWillChange.send()

        }

            var lowerBound = 0

            var upperBound = points.count

            while lowerBound < upperBound {

                let midIndex = (lowerBound + upperBound) / 2

                if points[midIndex].timestamp < date {

                    lowerBound = midIndex + 1

                } else {

                    upperBound = midIndex

                }

            }

            return lowerBound

        }

        private func indexOfFirstPoint(after date: Date) -> Int {

            var lowerBound = 0

            var upperBound = points.count

            while lowerBound < upperBound {

                let midIndex = (lowerBound + upperBound) / 2

                if points[midIndex].timestamp <= date {

                    lowerBound = midIndex + 1

                } else {

                    upperBound = midIndex

                }

            }

            return lowerBound

        }

    @Published var power = Measurement()

    @Published var voltage = Measurement()

    @Published var current = Measurement()

    let averagePowerSampleOptions: [Int] = [5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 250]

    private var pendingBucketTimestamp: Date?

    private var lastEnergyCounterValue: Double?

    private var lastEnergyGroupID: UInt8?

    private var accumulatedEnergyValue: Double = 0

    private var itemsInSum: Double = 0

    private var powerSum: Double = 0

    private var voltageSum: Double = 0

    private var currentSum: Double = 0

    private var rssiSum: Double = 0

        pendingBucketSecond = nil

        pendingBucketTimestamp = nil

        powerSum = 0

        voltageSum = 0

        currentSum = 0

        rssiSum = 0

    private func flushPendingValues() {

        guard let pendingBucketTimestamp, itemsInSum > 0 else { return }

        self.power.addPoint(timestamp: pendingBucketTimestamp, value: powerSum / itemsInSum)

        self.voltage.addPoint(timestamp: pendingBucketTimestamp, value: voltageSum / itemsInSum)

        self.current.addPoint(timestamp: pendingBucketTimestamp, value: currentSum / itemsInSum)

            self.temperature.addPoint(timestamp: pendingBucketTimestamp, value: temperatureSum / temperatureItemsInSum)

        }

    }

        energy.alignCounterToStartAtZero()

        lastEnergyCounterValue = nil

        lastEnergyGroupID = nil

        accumulatedEnergyValue = energy.samplePoints.last?.value ?? 0

    }

        replacingLiveBufferIfNeeded: Bool = false

            power.points.isEmpty == false ||

            voltage.points.isEmpty == false ||

            current.points.isEmpty == false ||

            temperature.points.isEmpty == false ||

            energy.points.isEmpty == false ||

            batteryPercent.points.isEmpty == false

            "measurements-restore-start session=\(session.id.uuidString) status=\(session.status.rawValue) persistedSamples=\(session.aggregatedSamples.count) replaceLive=\(replacingLiveBufferIfNeeded) existingBuffer=\(hasExistingBuffer) existingCounts=p:\(power.points.count),v:\(voltage.points.count),c:\(current.points.count),t:\(temperature.points.count),e:\(energy.points.count),r:\(rssi.points.count)"

        )

            return false

        let sortedSamples = session.aggregatedSamples.sorted { lhs, rhs in

            if lhs.bucketIndex != rhs.bucketIndex {

                return lhs.bucketIndex < rhs.bucketIndex

            }

            return lhs.timestamp < rhs.timestamp

        }

            restoreTrace("measurements-restore-skip session=\(session.id.uuidString) reason=no-persisted-samples")

            return false

        }

        let preservedEnergyGroupID = lastEnergyGroupID

        let persistedRangeUpperBound = sortedSamples.last?.timestamp

        if hasExistingBuffer {

            flushPendingValues()

        }

            sample.averagePowerWatts

        }

        let restoredCurrentPoints = restoredPoints(from: sortedSamples) { sample in

            sample.averageCurrentAmps

        }

        let restoredVoltagePoints = restoredPoints(from: sortedSamples) { sample in

            sample.averageVoltageVolts

        }

        let restoredEnergyPoints = restoredPoints(from: sortedSamples) { sample in

            sample.measuredEnergyWh

        }

            sample.estimatedBatteryPercent ?? estimatedBatteryPercent(for: sample, in: session)

        }

        let mergedPowerPoints = mergedRestoredPoints(

            restored: restoredPowerPoints,

            persistedRangeUpperBound: persistedRangeUpperBound

        let mergedCurrentPoints = mergedRestoredPoints(

            restored: restoredCurrentPoints,

            persistedRangeUpperBound: persistedRangeUpperBound

        let mergedVoltagePoints = mergedRestoredPoints(

            restored: restoredVoltagePoints,

            persistedRangeUpperBound: persistedRangeUpperBound

        let mergedEnergyPoints = mergedRestoredPoints(

            restored: restoredEnergyPoints,

            persistedRangeUpperBound: persistedRangeUpperBound

        )

            restored: restoredBatteryPercentPoints,

            existing: batteryPercent.points,

            persistedRangeUpperBound: persistedRangeUpperBound

        )

            from: rssi.points,

            after: persistedRangeUpperBound

        restoreTrace(

        power.replacePoints(mergedPowerPoints)

        current.replacePoints(mergedCurrentPoints)

        voltage.replacePoints(mergedVoltagePoints)

        energy.replacePoints(mergedEnergyPoints)

        lastEnergyGroupID = hasExistingBuffer ? preservedEnergyGroupID : nil

        self.objectWillChange.send()

            "measurements-restore-complete session=\(session.id.uuidString) counts=p:\(power.samplePoints.count),v:\(voltage.samplePoints.count),c:\(current.samplePoints.count),t:\(temperature.samplePoints.count),e:\(energy.samplePoints.count),r:\(rssi.samplePoints.count) accumulatedEnergy=\(accumulatedEnergyValue)"

        )

        return true

    private func restoredPoints(

        from samples: [ChargeSessionSampleSummary],

        value: (ChargeSessionSampleSummary) -> Double?

    ) -> [Measurement.Point] {

        var restored: [Measurement.Point] = []

        var previousSample: ChargeSessionSampleSummary?

        for sample in samples {

            guard let pointValue = value(sample) else { continue }

            if let previousSample,

                    Measurement.Point(

                        id: restored.count,

                        timestamp: sample.timestamp,

                        value: restored.last?.value ?? pointValue,

                        kind: .discontinuity

                    )

                )

            }

            restored.append(

                Measurement.Point(

                    id: restored.count,

                    timestamp: sample.timestamp,

                    value: pointValue,

                    kind: .sample

                )

            )

            previousSample = sample

        }

        return restored

    }

        for sample: ChargeSessionSampleSummary,

        in session: ChargeSessionSummary

    ) -> Double? {

        let estimatedCapacityWh = session.capacityEstimateWh

        struct Anchor {

            let percent: Double

            let energyWh: Double

            let timestamp: Date

            let isCheckpoint: Bool

        }

            var candidates: [Double] = []

            for lowerIndex in anchors.indices {

                for upperIndex in anchors.indices where upperIndex > lowerIndex {

                    let lower = anchors[lowerIndex]

                    let upper = anchors[upperIndex]

                    let percentDelta = upper.percent - lower.percent

                    let energyDelta = upper.energyWh - lower.energyWh

                    guard percentDelta >= 3, energyDelta > 0.01 else {

                        continue

                    }

                    let capacityWh = energyDelta / (percentDelta / 100)

                    guard capacityWh.isFinite, capacityWh > 0, capacityWh < 1_000 else {

                        continue

                    }

                    candidates.append(capacityWh)

                }

            }

            return candidates

        }

        func inferredCheckpointEnergyMapCapacityWh(from anchors: [Anchor]) -> Double? {

            let candidates = anchorCapacityCandidates(from: anchors)

            guard !candidates.isEmpty else {

                return nil

            }

            let sortedCandidates = candidates.sorted()

            return sortedCandidates[sortedCandidates.count / 2]

        }

        if let startBatteryPercent = session.startBatteryPercent,

           startBatteryPercent >= 0 {

            anchors.append(

                Anchor(

                    percent: startBatteryPercent,

                    energyWh: 0,

                    timestamp: session.effectiveTrimStart,

                    isCheckpoint: false

                )

            )

        }

        anchors.append(

            contentsOf: session.checkpoints

                .filter { $0.batteryPercent >= 0 }

                .sorted { lhs, rhs in

                    if lhs.measuredEnergyWh != rhs.measuredEnergyWh {

                        return lhs.measuredEnergyWh < rhs.measuredEnergyWh

                    }

                    return lhs.timestamp < rhs.timestamp

                }

                .map {

                    Anchor(

                        percent: $0.batteryPercent,

                        energyWh: $0.measuredEnergyWh,

                        timestamp: $0.timestamp,

                        isCheckpoint: true

                    )

                }

        )

            if lhs.energyWh != rhs.energyWh {

                return lhs.energyWh < rhs.energyWh

            }

            return lhs.timestamp < rhs.timestamp

        }

        guard !sortedAnchors.isEmpty else { return nil }

        let effectiveEnergyWh = effectiveBatteryEnergyWh(for: sample, in: session)

        let upperAnchor = sortedAnchors.first { $0.energyWh > effectiveEnergyWh + 0.05 }

        let anchor = lowerAnchor ?? upperAnchor ?? sortedAnchors.first!

        if let lowerAnchor,

           let upperAnchor,

           upperAnchor.energyWh > lowerAnchor.energyWh + 0.05 {

            let interpolationProgress = min(

                max(

                    (effectiveEnergyWh - lowerAnchor.energyWh) /

                    (upperAnchor.energyWh - lowerAnchor.energyWh),

                    0

                ),

                1

            )

            return min(

                max(

                    lowerAnchor.percent +

                    (upperAnchor.percent - lowerAnchor.percent) * interpolationProgress,

                    0

                ),

                100

            )

        }

            ?? inferredCheckpointEnergyMapCapacityWh(from: sortedAnchors)

        guard let inferredCapacityWh, inferredCapacityWh > 0 else {

        }

        return BatteryLevelPredictionTuning.predictedPercent(

            anchorPercent: anchor.percent,

            anchorEnergyWh: anchor.energyWh,

            anchorTimestamp: anchor.timestamp,

            anchorIsCheckpoint: anchor.isCheckpoint,

            effectiveEnergyWh: effectiveEnergyWh,

            referenceTimestamp: sample.timestamp,

    }

    private func effectiveBatteryEnergyWh(

        for sample: ChargeSessionSampleSummary,

        in session: ChargeSessionSummary

    ) -> Double {

        switch session.chargingTransportMode {

        case .wired:

            return sample.measuredEnergyWh

        case .wireless:

            if let factor = session.wirelessEfficiencyFactor, factor > 0 {

                return sample.measuredEnergyWh * factor

            }

            if let sessionEffectiveEnergyWh = session.effectiveBatteryEnergyWh,

               session.measuredEnergyWh > 0 {

                return sample.measuredEnergyWh * (sessionEffectiveEnergyWh / session.measuredEnergyWh)

            }

            return sample.measuredEnergyWh

        }

    }

        restored: [Measurement.Point],

        existing: [Measurement.Point],

        persistedRangeUpperBound: Date?

    ) -> [Measurement.Point] {

        var merged = restored

        let preservedTail = preservedTailPoints(from: existing, after: persistedRangeUpperBound)

        guard preservedTail.isEmpty == false else {

            return merged

        }

        if let tailFirst = preservedTail.first,

           tailFirst.isSample,

           let lastRestoredSample = merged.last(where: \.isSample),

           lastRestoredSample.timestamp < tailFirst.timestamp {

            merged.append(

                Measurement.Point(

                    id: merged.count,

                    timestamp: tailFirst.timestamp,

                    value: merged.last?.value ?? tailFirst.value,

                    kind: .discontinuity

                )

            )

        }

        merged.append(contentsOf: preservedTail.enumerated().map { offset, point in

            Measurement.Point(

                id: merged.count + offset,

                timestamp: point.timestamp,

                value: point.value,

                kind: point.kind

            )

        })

        return merged

    }

    private func preservedTailPoints(

        from existing: [Measurement.Point],

        after persistedRangeUpperBound: Date?

    ) -> [Measurement.Point] {

        guard let persistedRangeUpperBound else {

            return existing

        }

        let tail = existing.filter { $0.timestamp > persistedRangeUpperBound }

        guard tail.isEmpty == false else {

            return []

        }

        if let firstSampleIndex = tail.firstIndex(where: \.isSample) {

            return Array(tail[firstSampleIndex...])

        }

        return []

    }

        power.resetSeries()

        voltage.resetSeries()

        current.resetSeries()

        lastEnergyGroupID = nil

        accumulatedEnergyValue = 0

    }

    func reset() {

        resetSeries()

    }

    func remove(at idx: Int) {

        power.removeValue(index: idx)

        voltage.removeValue(index: idx)

        current.removeValue(index: idx)

    }

        voltage.trim(before: cutoff)

        current.trim(before: cutoff)

    }

    func keepOnly(in range: ClosedRange<Date>) {

        flushPendingValues()

        power.filterSamples { range.contains($0) }

        voltage.filterSamples { range.contains($0) }

        current.filterSamples { range.contains($0) }

        temperature.filterSamples { range.contains($0) }

        energy.filterSamples { range.contains($0) }

        rssi.filterSamples { range.contains($0) }

    }

    func removeValues(in range: ClosedRange<Date>) {

        flushPendingValues()

        power.filterSamples { !range.contains($0) }

        voltage.filterSamples { !range.contains($0) }

        current.filterSamples { !range.contains($0) }

        temperature.filterSamples { !range.contains($0) }

        energy.filterSamples { !range.contains($0) }

        rssi.filterSamples { !range.contains($0) }

    }

        if pendingBucketSecond == valuesTimestamp {

            pendingBucketTimestamp = timestamp

            currentSum += current

                temperatureItemsInSum += 1

                temperatureSum += temperature

            }

        flushPendingValues()

        pendingBucketSecond = valuesTimestamp

        pendingBucketTimestamp = timestamp

        itemsInSum = 1

        powerSum = power

        voltageSum = voltage

        currentSum = current

            temperatureItemsInSum = 1

            temperatureSum = temperature

        } else {

            temperatureItemsInSum = 0

            temperatureSum = 0

        }

    func markDiscontinuity(at timestamp: Date) {

        flushPendingValues()

        power.addDiscontinuity(timestamp: timestamp)

        voltage.addDiscontinuity(timestamp: timestamp)

        current.addDiscontinuity(timestamp: timestamp)

        if let lastEnergyCounterValue, lastEnergyGroupID == groupID {

            let delta = value - lastEnergyCounterValue

            if delta > energyResetEpsilon {

                accumulatedEnergyValue += delta

                energy.addDiscontinuity(timestamp: timestamp)

                accumulatedEnergyValue = 0

        }

        energy.addPoint(timestamp: timestamp, value: accumulatedEnergyValue)

        lastEnergyCounterValue = value

        lastEnergyGroupID = groupID

        self.objectWillChange.send()

    }

        if shouldFlushPendingValues {

            flushPendingValues()

        }

        return power.samplePoints.count

    }

    func recentPowerPoints(limit: Int, flushPendingValues shouldFlushPendingValues: Bool = true) -> [Measurement.Point] {

        if shouldFlushPendingValues {

            flushPendingValues()

        }

        let samplePoints = power.samplePoints

        guard limit > 0, samplePoints.count > limit else {

            return samplePoints

        }

        return Array(samplePoints.suffix(limit))

    }

    func averagePower(forRecentSampleCount sampleCount: Int, flushPendingValues shouldFlushPendingValues: Bool = true) -> Double? {

        let points = recentPowerPoints(limit: sampleCount, flushPendingValues: shouldFlushPendingValues)

        guard !points.isEmpty else { return nil }

        let sum = points.reduce(0) { partialResult, point in

            partialResult + point.value

        }

        return sum / Double(points.count)

    }

    func energyProjectionSnapshot(flushPendingValues shouldFlushPendingValues: Bool = true) -> EnergyProjectionSnapshot? {

        if shouldFlushPendingValues {

            flushPendingValues()

        }

        let samplePoints = energy.samplePoints

        guard !samplePoints.isEmpty else { return nil }

        let accumulatedEnergy = samplePoints.last?.value ?? 0

        var observedDuration: TimeInterval = 0

        var previousSample: Measurement.Point?

        for point in energy.points {

            if point.isDiscontinuity {

                previousSample = nil

                continue

            }

            if let previousSample {

                observedDuration += max(0, point.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(previousSample.timestamp))

            }

            previousSample = point

        }

        let averagePower: Double?

        if observedDuration > 0, accumulatedEnergy.isFinite {

            averagePower = accumulatedEnergy / (observedDuration / 3600)

        } else {

            averagePower = nil

        }

        return EnergyProjectionSnapshot(

            accumulatedEnergy: accumulatedEnergy,

            observedDuration: observedDuration,

            sampleCount: samplePoints.count,

            averagePower: averagePower

        )

    }

    func energyProjectionVariants(flushPendingValues shouldFlushPendingValues: Bool = true) -> [EnergyProjectionVariant] {

        if shouldFlushPendingValues {

            flushPendingValues()

        }

        let contiguousSamples = latestContiguousEnergySamples()

        guard contiguousSamples.count >= 2 else { return [] }

        let latestTimestamp = contiguousSamples.last?.timestamp ?? Date()

        let windowCandidates: [(duration: TimeInterval, title: String, id: String)] = [

            (60, "Last 1 Minute", "last-1m"),

            (5 * 60, "Last 5 Minutes", "last-5m"),

            (15 * 60, "Last 15 Minutes", "last-15m"),

            (60 * 60, "Last 1 Hour", "last-1h"),

            (6 * 60 * 60, "Last 6 Hours", "last-6h")

        ]

        var variants: [EnergyProjectionVariant] = []

        for candidate in windowCandidates {

            let cutoff = latestTimestamp.addingTimeInterval(-candidate.duration)

            guard

                let startIndex = contiguousSamples.lastIndex(where: { $0.timestamp <= cutoff }),

                startIndex < contiguousSamples.count - 1

            else {

                continue

            }

            let relevantSamples = Array(contiguousSamples[startIndex...])

            if let variant = projectionVariant(

                id: candidate.id,

                title: candidate.title,

                samples: relevantSamples

            ) {

                variants.append(variant)

            }

        }

        if let fullBufferVariant = projectionVariant(

            id: "full-buffer",

            title: "Whole Buffer",

            samples: contiguousSamples

        ) {

            variants.append(fullBufferVariant)

        }

        return variants

    }

    private func latestContiguousEnergySamples() -> [Measurement.Point] {

        let latestSegment = energy.points.split(whereSeparator: \.isDiscontinuity).last ?? []

        return latestSegment.filter(\.isSample)

    }

    private func projectionVariant(

        id: String,

        title: String,

        samples: [Measurement.Point]

    ) -> EnergyProjectionVariant? {

        guard let firstSample = samples.first, let lastSample = samples.last else { return nil }

        let observedDuration = lastSample.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(firstSample.timestamp)

        guard observedDuration > 0 else { return nil }

        let accumulatedEnergy = lastSample.value - firstSample.value

        guard accumulatedEnergy >= 0, accumulatedEnergy.isFinite else { return nil }

        let averagePower = accumulatedEnergy / (observedDuration / 3600)

        guard averagePower.isFinite else { return nil }

        return EnergyProjectionVariant(

            id: id,

            title: title,

            observedDuration: observedDuration,

            accumulatedEnergy: accumulatedEnergy,

            sampleCount: samples.count,

            averagePower: averagePower

        )

    }

extension Measurements.Measurement.Point: TimeSeriesChartPointRepresentable {

    var chartPointID: Int {

        id

    }

    var chartTimestamp: Date {

        timestamp

    }

    var chartValue: Double {

        value

    }

    var chartPointKind: TimeSeriesChartPointKind {

        switch kind {

        case .sample:

            return .sample

        case .discontinuity:

            return .discontinuity

        }

    }

}